图书馆杂志

图书馆杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 142-146.

• 文献考论 • 上一篇    下一篇

《世说新语》中王羲之的真实生卒年考论 ——兼议王羲之研究中的若干问题

杨庙平(韩山师范学院文学与新闻传播 院)   

  • 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-02-23
  • 作者简介:杨庙平 韩山师范学院文学与新闻传播院,副教授,硕士研究生导师。研究方向:文艺美学。E-mail:yangmpx@sohu.com 广东潮州 521041

Textual Research on Wang Xizhi’s True Birth and Death Years in Shi Shuo Xin Yu : Also on Several Issues in Wang Xizhi’s Research

Yang Miaoping (College of Literature and Journalism, Hanshan Normal University)   

  • Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-02-23
  • About author:Yang Miaoping (College of Literature and Journalism, Hanshan Normal University)

摘要: 《世说新语》中关于王羲之出生、订婚以及去世时间多有提示。王羲之出生时间,《假谲》第二十七中说:王敦第一次谋反之际,王羲之“年减十岁”。可知王羲之出生时间不早于或者就在313年。王羲之订婚时间,《雅量》第六中说:郗鉴在京口,遣门生与王导书,求女婿。而郗鉴328年开始镇守京口。可知王羲之订婚不早于或者就在328年。王羲之去世时间,《赏誉》第八中说:庾倩(小字倪)为王羲之撰写碑文。庾倩371年11月为桓温杀害。《排调》第二十五中说:简文帝在殿上行走,王羲之与孙绰在后。简文帝登基在371年11月。可知简文帝登基时,王羲之在世。这样,王羲之去世也在371年。因此,《世说新语》中表明王羲之生卒年为313—371年。

Abstract: There are many hints in Shi Shuo Xin Yu (also known as A New Account of the Tales of the World) about the time of Wang Xizhi’s birth, engagement, and death. Regarding Wang Xizhi’s birth time, it is stated in The Twenty-seventh Chapter of False Intent: when Wang Dun rebelled for the first time, Wang Xizhi was less than ten years old. It can be seen that Wang Xizhi was born no earlier than 313 AD. Concerning Wang Xizhi’s engagement time, The Sixth Chapter of Yaliang states: when Xi Jian was in Jingkou, one of his former students wrote to Wang Dao (Wang Xizhi’s uncle) to ask Wang Xizhi to be Xi Jian’s son-in-law. Xi Jian began to guard Jingkou in 328 AD. It can be inferred that Wang Xizhi’s engagement date should not be earlier than that year. As for Wang Xizhi’s death time, The Eighth Chapter of Appreciation says: Yu Qian (pet name Ni) wrote the inscription for Wang Xizhi. Yu Qian was killed by Huan Wen in November 371 AD. The Twenty-fifth Chapter of Pai Tiao writes: when Emperor Jian Wen was walking on the temple, Wang Xizhi and Sun Chuo followed him. Emperor Jian Wen took the throne in November 371 AD. Hence, it can be extrapolated that when Emperor Jianwen took the throne, Wang Xizhi was still alive. It follows that the time of Wang Xizhi’s death should be 371 A.D. Therefore, Shi Shuo Xin Yu shows that Wang Xizhi’s true birth and death time was between 313 AD and 371 AD.