Abstract: the era of big data, archival data has grown rapidly and accumulated continuously, becoming a new quality production factor for the construction of “Digital China”. The research of archival data has gradually emerged as a distinct scholarly domain. Focusing on the theme of archival data elements, and utilizing methods such as literature analysis, model construction and theoretical exploration, we aim to reveal the conceptual connotations and practical challenges of archival data as elements, and thereby consolidate a metatheoretical foundation for archival data elements research. From the three dimensions, “qualitative state” as the generative foundation, “industrial form” as the key carrier, and “value form” as the ultimate destination, a logical framework for the elementization of archival data is systematically constructed, and the internal operating mechanism analyzed. Qualitatively, archival data is a fundamental supporting element for the development of new quality productivity. In terms of industrial form, archival data elements require bidirectional empowerment and integration between the archival field and the data field. At the level of value form, archival data possesses the value function of production factors. The study proposes a triangular model of archival data elements value movement, continuously optimizing the spatial ecology of archival data elements value, and promoting the realization of archival data elements value.