There are few studies exploring the professionalization of library work from the perspective of female librarians. The professional development of American children’s library service is closely related to female librarians. This paper tries to discuss the relationship between women and career development. The rise of women themselves and the development of children’s library are interrelated. Being discriminated as a second gender, female librarians united together and formed a group of their own characteristics. The better understanding of children and of books, which are the two key factors in the development of children’s library services, helps female librarians establish their professional status. The female librarians made a collective voice and reserved their right to choose books through the “the defense of fiction” and the “the defense of the Newbery Children’s Book Award”. Female librarians have played an active role in promoting the professionalization of children’s library in the United States, which is reflected in three aspects: the formation of children’s library service professional knowledge system, the

Women have made an outstanding contribution to children’s library practice and education, but their status and value have always been undervalued. This overview is based on literature of female children’s librarians in the United States and classifies all the views into two categories: those investigating librarianship with gender as a variable and those investigating women in the workplace with career as a variable. These literature provide a lot of valuable material and viewpoints, but the research paradigm for imitation is not yet mature. A focus on leaders and elites, lack of comparison, and ignoring the social context are the major shortcomings.