Abstract: Government-sponsored book compilation in ancient China is an important part of ancient cultural undertakings, made significant contributions to the inheritance and development of Chinese culture, manifested primarily in three aspects: the compilation of classical texts, the cultivation of talents, and the inheritance of culture memory. Specifically, the functions of compiling ancient classical texts mainly manifest in the collection, collation, falsification, and cataloging of ancient classics; the achievements of talent cultivation mainly result in the establishment of compiling books institutions to reserve and cultivate talents, as well as serving as the educational materials for talent education; the contribution of cultural memory inheritance is reflected in the fact that government-sponsored books are important carriers for preserving and disseminating cultural memory.