Abstract: Digital humanities as an emerging field that spans technology and humanities, bring new demands for building image database based on infrastructure construction, new challenges and opportunities as well. What are the advantages and disadvantages of image databaseconstruction in different fields? How can we use digital technology, semantic web, artificial intelligence and other modern information technologies to increase the breadth and depth of image database construction? These are the issues that need to be discussed further. This paper uses literature research, case study, practical verification and other methods to explore the three major image databases in the world and typical influential cases at home and abroad. From the levels of content description, database construction technology, service and copyright, it also discusses the commonalities, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the image database constructions in different fields and proposes three major trends, namely, deep Internet integration, interdisciplinary integration, and multi-dimensional semantic annotation of images