Abstract: The application of RFID technology is an important part of building a smart library. However, most of the existing RFID applications only utilize the features of the Internet of Things on the perception level, such as self-service borrowing and returning, collection inventory, security and anti-theft. Although this satisfies part of the needs of smart libraries, it leads the innovative application of RFID technology to a bottleneck, which is manifest especially in the complex management of collections. The emergence of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, data mining, cloud computing and robot, in recent years has given rise to new developments in the application of RFID technology in libraries. This article integrates the needs of collection management of smart library, explores the application potential of RFID technology in collection management after combining emerging technologies, and takes the Shanghai Jiao tong University Library as an example to design a new generation of smart collection management system, introducing the construction process and application practices.