高校图书馆AI 素养的伦理维度及伦理教育框架：理论与实践探索

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究立足高校图书馆视角，探讨AI素养教育的伦理维度，旨在为高校图书馆开展AI素养的伦理教育提供理论参考和实践指引。通过内容分析和网络调研法，研究辨析“AI素养的伦理”与“AI伦理”的概念内涵，梳理全球AI素养的伦理政策动向和研究趋势，阐明高校图书馆参与AI素养的伦理教育的必要性和可行性，总结全球高校图书馆的实践活动，从而凝练了AI素养教育的伦理维度及内涵。在此基础上，构建包含“方向—阶段—要素”的AI素养的伦理教育内容框架。本研究丰富了AI素养的伦理教育内涵，为开展AI素养的伦理教育实践提供指引，推动培养具备AI素养和伦理意识的未来公民。

Abstract:

This study explores the ethical dimensions of AI literacy education from the perspective ofacademic libraries in higher education institutions. It aims to provide theoretical reference and practicalguidance for academic libraries to conduct ethical education in AI Literacy. Through content analysisand web-based surveys, the study clarifies the conceptual connotations of “Ethics in AI Literacy” and“AI Ethics”, reviews global policy and research trends, and demonstrates the necessity and feasibilityof academic libraries’ involvement in ethical education in AI Literacy. It also summarizes the practicalactivities of academic libraries worldwide in this field, thereby identifying the ethical dimensions andconnotations of AI literacy education. On this basis, it constructs a content framework for AI literacyethics education that encompasses “Direction-Stage-Elements”. This study enriches the theoreticalconnotations of ethical education in AI literacy and guides the practice of ethical education in AI literacy,supporting the development of future citizens with AI literacy and ethical awareness.

虞晨琳张静蓓蔡迎春（上海外国语大学图书馆上海外国语大学数字学术中心）. 高校图书馆AI 素养的伦理维度及伦理教育框架：理论与实践探索[J]. 图书馆杂志, 2024, 43(403): 34-49.

Yu Chenlin, Zhang Jingbei, Cai Yingchun ( Shanghai International Studies UniversityLibrary, Digital Scholarship Center of Shanghai International Studies University). The Ethical Dimension and Education Framework of AI Literacy in University[J]. Libraly Journal, 2024, 43(403): 34-49.

参考文献

[ 1 ] 蔡迎春，张静蓓，虞晨琳，等. 数智时代的人工智能素养：内涵、框架与实施路径[J/OL]. 中国图书馆学报， 1–17[2024-05-24]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2746.G2.20240219.1413.002.html.

[ 2 ] Garrett N， Beard N， Fiesler C. More than“ If TimeAllows” the role of ethics in AI education[C]//Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI.Ethics， and Society， 2020： 272–278.

[ 3 ] Domínguez Figaredo D， Stoyanovich J.Responsible AI literacy： A stakeholder-firstapproach[J]. Big Data & Society， 2023， 10（2）：20–29.

[ 4 ] Laupichler M C， Aster A， Schirch J， et al. Artificialintelligence literacy in higher and adult education：A scoping literature review[J]. Computers andEducation： Artificial Intelligence， 2022， 3： 100101.

[ 5 ] Long D， Magerko B. What is AI literacy?Competencies and design considerations[C]// Proceedings of the 2020 CHI conference on humanfactors in computing systems， 2020： 1–16.

[ 6 ] UNESCO. Draft AI competency frameworks forteachers and for school students[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.unesco.org/en/digital-education/ai-future-learning/competency-frameworks.

[ 7 ] 张银荣，杨刚，徐佳艳，等. 人工智能素养模型构建及其实施路径[J]. 现代教育技术， 2022，32（ 3）： 42–50.

[ 8 ] 朱莎，李环，吴砥，等. 面向未成年人的人工智能核心素养构建——面向未成年人的人工智能技术规范研究（二）[J]. 电化教育研究， 2023，44（ 6）： 15–21；53.

[ 9 ] Ng D T K， Leung J K L， Chu K W S， et al. AIliteracy： Definition， teaching， evaluation andethical issues[J]. Proceedings of the Associationfor Information Science and Technology， 2021，58（1）： 504–509.

[10] 岳瑨. 人工智能伦理：规制、理论与实践难题——学术史梳理及其问题域考察[J]. 东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）， 2024， 26 （3）：32–41；150.

[11] 李卓卓，张楚辉. 论信息伦理的产生、转向与未来展望[J]. 情报资料工作， 2024， 45（ 1）： 23–34.

[12] 刘伟，赵路.对人工智能若干伦理问题的思考[J].科学与社会， 2018， 8（ 1）： 40–48.

[13] Huang C， Zhang Z， Mao B， et al. An overview ofartificial intelligence ethics[J]. IEEE Transactionson Artificial Intelligence， 2022， 4（4）： 799–819.

[14] IFLA. IFLA Statement on Libraries and ArtificialIntelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://repository.ifla.org/handle/123456789/1646.

[15] IFLA. Exploratory meeting ： formation ofan IFLA Special Interest Group on ArtificialIntelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.ifla.org/news/exploratory-meeting-formationof-an-ifla-special-interest-group-on-artificialintelligence/.

[16] European Commission. Ethics Guidelines forTrustworthy AI[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ethicsguidelines-trustworthy-ai.

[17] European Commission. Building Trust in Human-Centric Artificial Intelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/communication-building-trust-human-centricartificial-intelligence.

[18] OECD. OECD AI Principles overview[EB/OL].[2024-05-24]. https://oecd.ai/en/ai-principles.

[19] UNESCO. Recommendation on the Ethics ofArtificial Intelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/recommendation-ethicsartificial-intelligence.

[20] Google. Responsible AI practices[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://ai.google/responsibility/responsibleai-practices/.

[21] Microsoft. 工具和做法（负责任AI 工具箱）[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.microsoft.com/zhhk/ai/tools-practices.

[22] Amazon. 将负责任的AI 从理论转化为实践[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://aws.amazon.com/cn/machine-learning/responsible-ai/.

[23] OpenAI. Developing beneficial AGI safely andresponsibly[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://openai.com/safety/.

[24] 杜静，黄荣怀，李政璇，等. 智能教育时代下人工智能伦理的内涵与建构原则[J]. 电化教育研究， 2019， 40（ 7）： 21–29.

[25] Go8. Group of Eight principles on the use ofgenerative artificial intelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://go8.edu.au/group-of-eight-principleson-the-use-of-generative-artificial-intelligence.

[26] Russell Group. Russell Group principles on the useof generative AI tools in education[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://russellgroup.ac.uk/media/6137/rg_ai_principles-final.pdf.

[27] IFLA. IFLA Code of ethics for librarians and otherinformation workers[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://cdn.ifla.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/assets/faife/codesofethics/chinesecodeofethicsfull.pdf.

[28] 柯平. 信息检索与信息素养概论[M]. 2 版. 北京：高等教育出版社， 2015：22–23.

[29] Floridi L， Taddeo M. What is data ethics?[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A：Mathematical， Physical and Engineering Sciences，2016， 374（2083）： 20160360.

[30] The University of Adelaide Library. ArtificialIntelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.adelaide.edu.au/artificial_intel.

[31] Australian National University Library. ArtificialIntelligence including generative AI[EB/OL].[2024-05-24]. https://libguides.anu.edu.au/generative-ai.

[32] Deakin University Library.Using generative AI[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://deakin.libguides.com/generative-AI.

[33] The University of Queensland Library.ArtificialIntelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://uq.pressbooks.pub/digital-essentials-artificialintelligence/.

[34] The University of Queensland Library.ChatGPTand other generative AI tools[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/chatgpt-and-generative-ai-tools/overview.

[35] La Trobe University Library. Artificial Intelligence（AI）[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://latrobe. libguides.com/artificial-intelligence.

[36] Macquarie University Library.Using AIpoweredTools for Literature Reviews[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.mq.edu.au/AItoolsforliteraturereview/Home.

[37] Monash University Library. Citing andreferencing[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.monash.edu/library/help/citing-and-referencing.

[38] The University of Western Australia Library.Referencing style-APA 7th： generativeArtificial Intelligence （AI）[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.uwa.edu.au/c.php?g=324904&p=6957354.

[39] University of Technology Sydney Library.Generative AI： home[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://studyguides.lib.uts.edu.au/genai.

[40] University of Alberta Library. Using generativeAI[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.ualberta.ca/generative-ai/evaluation.

[41] University of Alberta Library. Additonalresources[EB/OL]. [2024-5-24]. https://guides.library.ualberta.ca/generative-ai/resources.

[42] University of Alberta Library. How to cite AI[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.ualberta.ca/generative-ai/citation.

[43] University of Alberta Library. How to use AItools[EB/OL]. [2024-5-24]. https://guides.library.ualberta.ca/generative-ai/how-to-use.

[44] The University of British Columbia Library.Generative AI and ChatGPT[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.ubc.ca/GenAI/home.

[45] University of Toronto Libraries. Generative AItools and copyright considerations[EB/OL].[2024-05-24]. https://onesearch.library.utoronto.ca/copyright/generative-ai-tools-and-copyrightconsiderations.

[46] University of Toronto Libraries. Citing ArtificialIntelligence（ AI） Generative Tools（ includingChatGPT）[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.utoronto.ca/c.php?g=251103&p=5296636.

[47] University of Waterloo Library.ChatGPT andgenerative artificial intelligence （AI）： AIgeneratedcontent and citation[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://subjectguides.uwaterloo.ca/chatgpt_generative_ai/aigeneratedcontentcitation.

[48] University of Calgary Library.Artif icialIntelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.ucalgary.ca/c.php?g=733971&p=5278498.

[49] MCGILL LIBRARY.Artificial intelligence[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libraryguides.mcgill.ca/ai/home.

[50] McMaster University Libraries. How do I citegenerative AI?[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.mcmaster.ca/cite-gen-ai.

[51] PennLibraries. AI ethics[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24].https://guides.library.upenn.edu/c.php?g=1327231&p=9810298.

[52] MIT LIbraries.Citing AI tools： home[EB/OL].[2024-05-24]. https://libguides.mit.edu/c.php?g=1353444&p=9991326.

[53] University of South Florida Library.AI tools andresources[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.lib.usf.edu/AI/home.

[54] Princeton University Library. Generative AI[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.princeton.edu/generativeAI/home.

[55] Johns Hopkins Sheridan Libraries. Citation and useof artificial intelligence（ AI） tools[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.library.jhu.edu/citing/morestyles.

[56] UChicago Library. Generative AI in LegalResearch， education， and practice[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://guides.lib.uchicago.edu/AI/Intro.

[57] The University of Edinburgh Library. Referencingand reference management（Guidance on the ethicaluse of generative AI）[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24].https://edinburgh-uk.libguides.com/referencing.

[58] University of Bristol Library.Using AI inresearch[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.bristol.ac.uk/library/subject-support/discover/usingai/.

[59] Cambridge Libraries. AI： home[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/AI.

[60] UCL Library. References， citations and avoidingplagiarism[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://library-guides.ucl.ac.uk/referencing-plagiarism/acknowledging-AI.

[61] Imperial College London Library. Generative AIguidance[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/admin-services/library/learningsupport/generative-ai-guidance/.

[62] King’s College London Library. ArtificialIntelligence （AI） and referencing[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://libguides.kcl.ac.uk/reference/started.

[63] 四川大学图书馆. 生成式AI 与著作权——我们在哪里？我们要去哪里？[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24].https://lib.scu.edu.cn/lecture_detail_list.

[64] The Hong Kong University of Science andTechnology Library.Can AI write scholarly articlesfor us?–An exploratory journey with ChatGPT[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://library.hkust.edu.hk/sc/chatgpt-write-articles/.

[65] Emilio Ferrara. Eliminating bias in AI may beimpossible–a computer scientist explains how totame it instead[EB/OL]. [2024-05-19]. https://www.llrx.com/2023/07/eliminating-bias-in-ai-may be-impossible-a-computer-scientist-explains-howto-tame-it-instead/.

[66] 孙榕，李白杨. 生成式AI（GAI）背景下的新型数字鸿沟识别框架研究[J/OL]. 图书情报知识， 1–12[2024-05-19]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/42.1085.G2.20240321.1548.002.html.

[67] Hervieux S， Wheatley A. The ROBOT test. TheLibrAIry[EB/OL]. [2024-05-24]. https://thelibrairy.wordpress.com/2020/03/11/the-robot-test.

[68] Deakin University Library.DependabilityChecklist[EB/OL]. [2024-05-22]. https://www.deakin.edu.au/library/skills-for-study/evaluate/dependability-checklist.

[69] Mike Caulfield. SIFT（The Four Moves）[EB/OL]. [2024-05-22]. https://oer.pressbooks.pub/collegeresearch/chapter/the-sift-method/.

[70] 陈建兵，王明. 负责任的AI：技术伦理危机下AIGC 的治理基点[J]. 西安交通大学学报（社会科学版），2024，44（1）：111–120.

[71] 冯菲，袁子晗. 世界一流大学图书馆科研诚信教育的实践与启示[J]. 图书馆建设，2023（2）：150–159；181.

[72] 中国新闻出版广电报.AIGC 技术在学术出版应用的学术诚信与风险管控研讨会在京举行[J].科技与出版，2024（3）：95.