Abstract: According to the assessment published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in 2010, the disappearance rate of old records around the world is about 3% every year. As a valuable traditional audio document spanning over a century, it is necessary to carry out digital rescue and protection. Taking the practice of digitized old records in Shanghai Library as an example, this paper makes a comprehensive statistical analysis of the distribution of old records, and elaborates on the process of digital collection and production of old record. The paper thinks that it is necessary to strengthen the professional technical guidance on digitalization, enhance the audio collection and data management of old records, and increase the researches on and disclosures of old records.