美国公共图书馆就业支持服务发展历程初探

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文章从美国公共图书馆就业支持服务的产生期(1972-1980)、拓展期(1981-1990)、经济转型期(1991-2000)、深化发展期(2001年至今)4个发展阶段阐释了其发展历程，并对每一发展阶段的具体特征进行了总结。笔者通过对其发展史实的梳理，认为就业支持服务是美国公共图书馆一种传统的服务方式，已经固化为公共图书馆社会服务的重要角色之一。公共图书馆就业支持服务对社会稳定和经济发展具有重要的作用，应该加大推广并彰显其作用以促进图书馆事业的发展。

关键词: 美国 , 公共图书馆, 　就业支持服务, 　发展历程　, 阶段特征

Abstract: The article illustrates the development course of public library employment support service in the United States in terms of four stages and summarizes the specific characteristics of each stage of development. Through combing the historical development, the author advocates that the employment support service is a traditional service mode of American public library, and it has developed into one of the most important social roles of public library. It is conducive to social stability and economic development. We should promote it and highlight its important role to promote the development of librarianship.

Key words: The United States, Public library, Employment support service, Development history, Features of stages

耿纪昌. 美国公共图书馆就业支持服务发展历程初探[J]. 图书馆杂志, 2018, 37(5): 91-97.

Geng Jichang. A Preliminary Study of the Development Course of Public Library Employment Support Service in the United States[J]. Libraly Journal, 2018, 37(5): 91-97.

参考文献

[1] Gehlen A R. Libraries and Employability[J]. Librarytrends, 1986, 35(2): 303-309.
[2] AlA. Job-seeking resources, U.S. Public Libraries2012[OL]. [2016-05-01]. http://www.ala.org/research/plftas/2011_2012/jobsmap.
[3] Tarin P, Shapiro B. Learning, Jobs, and the Qualityof Life[J]. Library Journal, 1981, 106(22): 2365-2369.
[4] Layne E N. Career and Employment InformationServices. How Public Libraries Can Provide anEssential Community Service[M]. Washington, D.C:Distributed by ERIC Clearinghouse, 1979: 6-8.
[5] Programming: safecracking, job info, writersseries[J]. Library Journal, 1975, 100(20): 2102.
[6] Schmidt M M, Desch C A. Job Information Centersin the Public Library[J]. Collection Building, 1980,2(1): 29-55.
[7] Spokane library hosts employment counselors[J].Library Journal, 1983, 108(2): 86.
[8] Tabloid for job hunters launched by Plainedge,N.Y[J]. Library Journal, 1981, 106(14): 1468.
[9] Service to the unemployed made a priority inOklahoma[J]. Library Journal, 1982, 107(22): 2294.
[10] Oklahoma launches a jobline[J]. Library Journal,1982, 107(8): 770.
[11] Ohio, Missouri & Toronto libraries offer new hope tojobless patrons[J]. Library Journal, 1983, 108(12): 1194.
[12] Popular Job Info center also saves staff time[J].Library Journal, 1984, 109(4): 416.
[13] Decandido G A.‘Workplace’job info center opensat Philadelphia Free Lib[J]. Library Journal, 1988,113(18): 21.
[14] Decandido G A, Rogers M. What’s Blue & Whiteand Offers Job Info?[J]. Library Journal, 1990,115(8): 22.
[15] Durrance J C. Kellogg funded education and careerinformation centers in public libraries[J]. Journal ofCareer Development, 1991, 18(1): 11-17.
[16] Enoch Pratt provides micros to aid low incomejobseekers[J]. Library Journal, 1983, 108(22): 2286.
[17] Jaffe M E. Wither the Working Class? Library CareerPlanning Service for Workers in Transition[J]. TheReference Librarian, 1992, 16(36): 75-88.
[18] Olver L. Qualifications Required for a Library CareerCenter[J]. American Libraries, 2002, 33(7): 60-61.
[19] Anderson B. Library Services for Career Planning,Job Searching and Employment Opportunities[M].New York: The Haworth Press, 1992.